Thomas M. Gorman, David W. Green, Aldo G. Cisternas, Roland Hernandez, Eini C. Lowell.
When graded as Light Framing 43 percent of the 2 by 4’s made Standard and Better and as Structural Light Framing, 34 percent made No. 2 and better. Warp was the biggest factor limiting grade yield. About 7 percent of the lumber would make a machine stress-rated (MSR) lumber grade of 1450f, but with no established market such production is not recommended. If graded as laminating stock, about 8 percent of the lumber qualified as L3 or better. A comparison of the results from this study with those from a companion study indicates that appearance grades offer the highest value alternative for lumber produced from this resource.
http://www.fpl.fs.fed.us/documnts/pdf2007/fpl_2007_gorman001.pdf

